shop online at www.missourivalleyshopper.com November 8, 2016 • Page 7 Dectes Stem Borer Found in Sunflowers BROOKINGS, S.D. - A recent, informal survey of sunflower fields in Hughes and Sully Counties revealed the presence of Dectes stem borer in roots or at the base of many of the sunflower stems. Ruth Beck, SDSU Extension Agronomy Field Specialist who conducted the informal survey, explained that although Dectes can be found in sunflower fields most years, in many cases, the stalk boring by Dectes in sunflowers has no measurable impact on seed yield or oil content. However, significant losses can occur when the insect girdles the sunflower plant and causes lodging. The survey she conducted this fall showed that in most infested sunflower fields, the borer had girdled the plants. Beck attributes this to the dryer growing conditions of 2016. "Dectes larvae cannot physically girdle a radius greater than about half an inch. Therefore, lodging will occur more frequently in situations of high plant density and drought conditions that lead to a small stalk diameter," Beck said. Hot dry conditions that result in stalk desiccation will trigger the larvae to stop feeding and begin the girdling activity. "In situations where soil moisture remains high close to harvest, sunflower stalks can remain damp and the larvae will continue to feed until cool temperatures limit their feeding," explained Adam Varenhorst, Assistant Professor & SDSU Extension Field Crop Entomologist. Under these conditions, Varenhorst said few larvae complete the girdling process and some do not girdle at all. Therefore, lodging does not become such a problem. Oilseed dryland sunflowers at greatest risk Typically, oilseed dryland sunflowers are more at risk because they are planted at higher populations than confection types. In many years' sunflowers can tolerate Dectes infestations without sustaining any losses. To avoid issues, Beck encouraged sunflower growers to carefully control plant spacing to manage stalk radius and other cultural practices that preserve soil moisture. Beck also pointed out that in regard to crop rotation, Dectes can also be a pest in soybean and is hosted by a number of common weeds including ragweed and cocklebur. "Information from Kansas suggests that wild sunflower is resistant to this pest," she added. More on the Dectes stem borer During the summer, the Dectes stem borer, also referred to as the long horn stem borer, lives inside the sunflower stalk as a white larva. The larvae arise when adult stem borers lay eggs in the sunflower plant. The female Dectes stem borer chews a hole in the stalk just under the leaf petiole and places its eggs in the hollow cavity at the core of the petiole. Upon hatching, in early July, the legless larvae bore down the petiole and into the core of the main stalk. The larvae will only feed on the moist pith and will not consume dry material, "Therefore, stalk desiccation will signal the end of larval feeding. At this time the larvae (only one per stem) will terminate feeding and prepare for winter by cutting a disk-shaped incision about ½ inch in radius from the center of the stalk," explained Patrick Wagner, SDSU Extension Entomology Field Specialist. "The larvae then plug the tunnel below the girdle with plant frass or shavings to seal itself in the chamber for the winter." During Beck's survey, "nearly 100 percent of the Dectes found in surveyed fields were sealed in a chamber at the base of the plant just under the soil surface," she said of the evidence that girdling had occurred. 4-H Youth Council State-Wide Service Project BROOKINGS, S.D. - Are you doing some fall cleaning and going through your closets? Donated clothing is the focus of the 2017 South Dakota 4-H Youth Council's head-to-toe clothing drive state-wide community service project. "They want 4-H members, clubs, volunteers and leaders to consider donating any type of clothing item to their local shelters, coat drives, etc. in their community," explained Audrey Rider, SDSU Extension State 4-H Volunteer Field Specialist. "This is a way for people to give back to their local communities and help out local families and people in need by giving clothes, jackets, shoes, etc." Counties throughout South Dakota will compete to see which 4-H county can donate the most items. The winning county will receive a prize. To participate in the clothing drive, members and clubs will need to keep track of the number of items they donate and to what location. They can get a tabulation form from their local SDSU Extension Office and then turn it in by August 1, 2017 to be part of the county challenge. Items can be donated to any place or family in need such as shelters, coat drives, Needs Anonymous, etc. Be creative and share your clothing and unwanted items to those in need. "The Youth Council is asking counties, clubs and members to be creative and come up with fun ways to collect items and make a huge impact with this statewide community service project," Rider said. "With your help, we are looking forward to improving the lives of children and families in our state." More about South Dakota 4-H South Dakota 4-H Youth Council is a statewide leadership team made up of 25 4-H youth from across the state. These 4-H members were chosen for their communication skills, citizenship, 4-H involvement and foremost their leadership abilities. They work with the 4-H program to host an annual Teen Leadership Conference where attendees go to workshops, play games, develop into young leaders and make lifelong friends. More than 9,000 South Dakota youth are involved in 4-H programming. If you'd like to become involved as a member or volunteer, or would like to donate to the Head-to-Toe clothing drive, contact Rider by email. 2016 Springs Showdown Prospect Calf Show BROOKINGS, S.D. - 4-H Youth from South Dakota, North Dakota and Nebraska exhibited 175 head of cattle during Construction 1320 1310 EXPERIENCED HELP Bore rig operators & Locators, Cable plow operators, CDL Drivers. Apply at 1100 W Main St., Beresford. 1315 Drivers Education 1335 25 DRIVER TRAINEES NEEDED! Become a driver for Stevens Transport! NO EXPERIENCE NEEDED! New drivers earn $800+ per week! PAID CDL TRAINING! Stevens covers all costs! 1-888-7346714 drive4stevens.com nani HELP WANTED: OTR DRIVERS. Ewy Trucking seeking Owner/Operators & Company Drivers. Valid Class A CDL. Home on weekends if desired. Pulling hopper bottoms across the U.S. Minnesota Based. Call 507-421-3680. (MCN) McFarland Truck Lines drivers were averaging over $.50/mile and are now getting a new bonus for high miles! 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"The area sponsors and supporters are a huge part of what makes this show a success and we couldn't do it without them; $6500 in sponsorships were paid back to youth in attendance," said Erin Yost, Springs Showdown committee treasurer. Awards and Recognition Top five overall breeding heifers included: Champion, Cagney Effling, Highmore, S.D., with a Charolais female; Reserve Champion, Trevor Bergh, Florence, S.D., with a MaineTainer heifer; third place went to Shannon Duxbury, Wessington, S.D., with an Angus heifer; fourth place was Talli Heim, Wessington Springs, S.D., with a purebred Simmental heifer and fifth was Kenidey Effling, Highmore, S.D., with a Foundation Simmental female. Top five overall market beef included: Champion, Trevor Bergh, Florence, S.D., with a Chianina steer; Reserve Champion went to Payton Beare, Ree Heights, S.D., with a Charolais steer; third was Tate Bergh, Florence, S.D., with a Commercial steer; fourth place was Bailey DeJong, Kennebec, S.D., with a Commercial steer; fifth place went to Ty Bergh, Florence, S.D., with a Market heifer. Seventy-six youth competed for showmanship honors. The top five Beginner Showmanship winners: first place, Kenidey Effling, Highmore, S.D.; second place, Hannah Heezen, Wessington Springs; S.D.; third place, Ty Bergh, Florence, SD; 4-Trey Skoglund, Hecla, SD; 5-Kerstynn Heim, Wessington Springs, S.D. Top five Junior Showmanship winners: first place, NaLea Dunsmore, Wessington Springs, S.D.; second place Lex Larson, Valentine, Neb.; third place, Devon Moore, Clear Lake, S.D.; fourth place, Tate Bergh, Florence, S.D.; fifth place, Kindra Wolter, Wessington Springs, S.D. Top five Senior Showmanship winners: first place, Cagney Effling, Highmore, S.D.; second place, Storm Johnsen, Wessington, S.D.; third place, Talli Heim, Wessington Springs, S.D.; fourth place, Delaney Peterson, Pukwana, S.D. and fifth place, Jackson Neil, Northfield, Minn. Other Employment Full-time Escrow Officer for busy Yankton Office. No experience necessary, willing to train the right individual. Team player with great communication skills. Ability to work in a fast paced office environment. Looking for someone who can work efficiently under deadlines, and who possesses a strong attention to detail. Requires exceptional written and verbal communication skills. Notary or ability to obtain Excellent benefits package. Send resume to: Manager PO Box 15 Yankton, SD 57078 Other Employment Computer Repair Technicians Needed. Duties include: Installing hardware and software systeyms, maintaining or repairing equipment and troubleshooting a variety of computer issues. 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Preferred applicant with a Head Start background and/or work experience in an Early Childhood/Education setting, working with Social Services Agencies or related organization, working with young children and low income families, experience in community organization/volunteers and supervision and management skills. Regular and consistent attendance is an essential function and requirement of the job. Travel and some evening meetings are required. Good communication and computer skills. Duty location: Mitchell starting salary - $43,518. For application and full job description, please contact South Central Child Development, Inc. at 1-877-384-3683 or write to South Central Child Development, Inc. at 401 Walnut Avenue, SW, Wagner, SD 57380 or go to www.sccdinc.com. Employer applications will be accepted until position is filled. Looking For A NEW HOME? Check Out www.JWTramp.com Part-Time Now Hiring For: 4-H Livestock Judging Contest Thirty-five youth participated in a 4-H Livestock Judging contest prior to the start of the cattle show."The livestock judging contest allowed youth to sharpen their skills by evaluating EPDs, feeder steers, breeding goats, breeding sheep and identified beef parts and goat breeds," explained Audra Scheel, SDSU Extension 4-H Youth Program Advisor - Sanborn, Aurora & Jerauld/Buffalo Counties. Top five in the Beginner Livestock Judging division: first place, Hannah Heezen, Wessington Springs, S.D.; second place, Avery Orth, Alpena, S.D.; third place, Landon Coyle, Orient, S.D.; fourth place, Rope Rose, Chamberlain, S.D. and fifth place, Raylee Fagerhaug, Wessington Springs, S.D. Top five in the Junior Livestock Judging division: first place, Jackson Nordlund, Hartford, S.D.; second place, Paton Coyle, Orient, S.D.; third place, Tyler Fastnacht, Wessington Springs, S.D.; fourth place, Colton Michalek, Chamberlain, S.D. and fifth place, Lex Larson, Valentine, Neb. Top five in the Senior Livestock Judging division: first place, Cadee Schelske, Wessington Springs, S.D.; second place, Wesley Linke, Lane, S.D.; third place, Carter Linke, Lane, S.D.; fourth place, Fletcher Larson, Valentine, Neb.; and fifth place, Riley Larson, Wessington Springs, S.D. Livestock Skill-a-Thon A 4-H Livestock Skill-a-thon contest challenged 4-H youth to identify feeds stuffs, cattle breeds, identify parts of a beef female reproductive tract, how to properly give a vaccine injection, cuts of meat identification and parts of a beef cow. "For many youth, this skill-a-thon expands their livestock knowledge and will help their decision making skill set as well as their level of livestock evaluation," Scheel said. Skill-A-Thon winners in each category received a bucket or feed scoop. Winners include; Beginner Skill-A-Thon winner is Kyla Peskey, Iroquois, S.D.; Junior Skill-A-Thon winner is Sidnee Johnsen, Mercer, N.D.; Senior Skill-A-Thon winner is Fletcher Larson, Valentine, Neb. Thank you to the show committee which is made up of Aaron Schelske, Jim Scheel, Cam Christensen, Matt Sinkie and Erin Yost. The beef project area is just one of many different project areas 4-H offers. For more information about how to get involved as a member or volunteer, contact your local Extension office. A complete listing can be found on iGrow. Positions available: Evenings and weekends. Must have excellent people skills and be detail oriented. Retail experience preferred but not required. Flexible schedule and bene?ts available. 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